Core Islamic Fields of Study
ʿAqīdah (عقيدة) — Belief / Creed
What Muslims believe.
This covers the foundations of faith:
- Belief in One God (Allah)
- Angels
- Divine books
- Prophets
- The Day of Judgment
- Divine decree (Qadr)
If Islam were a building, ʿAqīdah is the foundation. Everything else rests on this.
ʿIbādah (عبادة) — Worship
How Muslims worship God.
This includes:
- Prayer (Ṣalāh)
- Fasting (Ṣawm)
- Charity (Zakāh)
- Pilgrimage (Ḥajj)
- Supplication (Duʿāʾ)
ʿIbādah is about actions done with intention—not just rituals, but conscious devotion.
Akhlāq (أخلاق) — Character & Ethics
How Muslims behave.
This focuses on:
Honesty
Patience
Humility
Kindness
Self-control
Justice
The Prophet ﷺ said he was sent to perfect good character, so Akhlāq is central, not optional.
Fiqh (فقه) — Islamic Law / Practical Rulings
How to live Islam day-to-day.
Fiqh answers questions like:
How do I pray correctly?
What is halal and haram?
How do marriage, business, and inheritance work?
Fiqh is human understanding of divine guidance, which is why there are different schools of thought.
Uṣūl al-Fiqh (أصول الفقه) — Principles of Law
How rulings are derived.
This is more advanced, but important:
How scholars interpret the Qur’an and Sunnah
How analogy (Qiyās) and consensus (Ijmaʿ) work
Why scholars may disagree respectfully
Think of this as the methodology behind Fiqh, not the rulings themselves.
Qur’an Studies (علوم القرآن / ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān)
Understanding the Qur’an deeply.
Includes:
Revelation context (why verses were revealed)
Interpretation (Tafsīr)
Linguistics and structure
Preservation and compilation
This helps people avoid reading verses in isolation or misunderstanding them.
Tafsīr (تفسير) — Qur’anic Commentary
Explaining the meaning of the Qur’an.
Tafsīr connects:
Language
Historical context
Prophetic explanation
Scholarly insight
Intro Muslims usually start with simple Tafsīr, not technical debate.
Ḥadīth Studies (علوم الحديث / ʿUlūm al-Ḥadīth)
Studying the sayings and actions of the Prophet ﷺ.
Covers:
Authenticity (sound vs weak narrations)
Chains of transmission
Context and meaning
This field exists to protect against misinformation, not complicate faith.
Sīrah (سيرة) — Life of the Prophet ﷺ
Islam in real life, not theory.
Sīrah teaches:
How the Prophet lived
How he dealt with hardship
Leadership, mercy, patience, strategy
For many beginners, Sīrah is the doorway into loving Islam, not just understanding it.
Tazkiyah (تزكية) — Spiritual Purification
Inner work of the heart.
Focuses on:
Sincerity
Removing arrogance, envy, greed
Strengthening God-consciousness (Taqwā)
This is about who you are when no one is watching.
Daʿwah (دعوة) — Inviting to Islam
Sharing Islam with wisdom.
Not preaching or arguing—rather:
Good character
Clear explanation
Compassion and patience
The Qur’an emphasizes wisdom and beautiful speech, especially with non-Muslims.
Adab (أدب) — Manners & Etiquette
How to carry yourself.
Adab includes:
Speech
Dress
Respect for elders
Behavior in disagreement
Learning etiquette
Adab governs how knowledge is applied, not just what you know.
